... comando
Ipcalc é uma ferramenta que auxilia o cálculo de máscara de sub-redes IPV4. Quem administra redes sabe que segmentar uma rede, trabalhar com máscaras de rede e roteamento são tarefas corriqueiras. Além disso, ela pode ser uma ferramenta de aprendizagem, pois oferece resultados bem estruturados.
INSTALAÇÃO
Para instalar em distros derivadas do Debian, como Ubuntu:
sudo apt-get install ipcalc
COMO USAR?
Pressupõe-se que você tenha conhecimentos técnicos sobre o tema.
1- Especificar CIDR
ipcalc 192.168.0.0/24
Address: 192.168.0.0 11000000.10101000.00000000. 00000000
Netmask: 255.255.255.0 = 24 11111111.11111111.11111111. 00000000
Wildcard: 0.0.0.255 00000000.00000000.00000000. 11111111
=>
Network: 192.168.0.0/24 11000000.10101000.00000000. 00000000
HostMin: 192.168.0.1 11000000.10101000.00000000. 00000001
HostMax: 192.168.0.254 11000000.10101000.00000000. 11111110
Broadcast: 192.168.0.255 11000000.10101000.00000000. 11111111
Hosts/Net: 254 Class C, Private Internet
2. Exibe uma sub-rede para 10 hosts válidos (mínimo de desperdício)
ipcalc 192.168.1.0 --s 10
[...]
1. Requested size: 10 hosts
Netmask: 255.255.255.240 = 28 11111111.11111111.11111111.1111 0000
Network: 192.168.1.0/28 11000000.10101000.00000001.0000 0000
HostMin: 192.168.1.1 11000000.10101000.00000001.0000 0001
HostMax: 192.168.1.14 11000000.10101000.00000001.0000 1110
Broadcast: 192.168.1.15 11000000.10101000.00000001.0000 1111
Hosts/Net: 14 Class C, Private Internet
Needed size: 16 addresses.
Used network: 192.168.1.0/28
Unused:
192.168.1.16/28
192.168.1.32/27
192.168.1.64/26
192.168.1.128/25
3. Múltiplas sub-redes para hosts válidos
ipcalc 172.18.0.0/24 --s 10 20 20
[...]
1. Requested size: 10 hosts
Netmask: 255.255.255.240 = 28 11111111.11111111.11111111.1111 0000
Network: 172.18.0.64/28 10101100.00010010.00000000.0100 0000
HostMin: 172.18.0.65 10101100.00010010.00000000.0100 0001
HostMax: 172.18.0.78 10101100.00010010.00000000.0100 1110
Broadcast: 172.18.0.79 10101100.00010010.00000000.0100 1111
Hosts/Net: 14 Class B, Private Internet
2. Requested size: 20 hosts
Netmask: 255.255.255.224 = 27 11111111.11111111.11111111.111 00000
Network: 172.18.0.0/27 10101100.00010010.00000000.000 00000
HostMin: 172.18.0.1 10101100.00010010.00000000.000 00001
HostMax: 172.18.0.30 10101100.00010010.00000000.000 11110
Broadcast: 172.18.0.31 10101100.00010010.00000000.000 11111
Hosts/Net: 30 Class B, Private Internet
3. Requested size: 20 hosts
Netmask: 255.255.255.224 = 27 11111111.11111111.11111111.111 00000
Network: 172.18.0.32/27 10101100.00010010.00000000.001 00000
HostMin: 172.18.0.33 10101100.00010010.00000000.001 00001
HostMax: 172.18.0.62 10101100.00010010.00000000.001 11110
Broadcast: 172.18.0.63 10101100.00010010.00000000.001 11111
Hosts/Net: 30 Class B, Private Internet
Needed size: 80 addresses.
Used network: 172.18.0.0/25
Unused:
172.18.0.80/28
172.18.0.96/27
172.18.0.128/25
4. Dividir super bloco em subredes menores
ipcalc 192.168.0.0/24 26
Neste exemplo é criada 4 sub-redes a partir de um /24
Subnets after transition from /24 to /26
Netmask: 255.255.255.192 = 26 11111111.11111111.11111111.11 000000
Wildcard: 0.0.0.63 00000000.00000000.00000000.00 111111
1.
Network: 192.168.0.0/26 11000000.10101000.00000000.00 000000
HostMin: 192.168.0.1 11000000.10101000.00000000.00 000001
HostMax: 192.168.0.62 11000000.10101000.00000000.00 111110
Broadcast: 192.168.0.63 11000000.10101000.00000000.00 111111
Hosts/Net: 62 Class C, Private Internet
2.
Network: 192.168.0.64/26 11000000.10101000.00000000.01 000000
HostMin: 192.168.0.65 11000000.10101000.00000000.01 000001
HostMax: 192.168.0.126 11000000.10101000.00000000.01 111110
Broadcast: 192.168.0.127 11000000.10101000.00000000.01 111111
Hosts/Net: 62 Class C, Private Internet
3.
Network: 192.168.0.128/26 11000000.10101000.00000000.10 000000
HostMin: 192.168.0.129 11000000.10101000.00000000.10 000001
HostMax: 192.168.0.190 11000000.10101000.00000000.10 111110
Broadcast: 192.168.0.191 11000000.10101000.00000000.10 111111
Hosts/Net: 62 Class C, Private Internet
4.
Network: 192.168.0.192/26 11000000.10101000.00000000.11 000000
HostMin: 192.168.0.193 11000000.10101000.00000000.11 000001
HostMax: 192.168.0.254 11000000.10101000.00000000.11 111110
Broadcast: 192.168.0.255 11000000.10101000.00000000.11 111111
Hosts/Net: 62 Class C, Private Internet
Subnets: 4
Hosts: 248
5. Resultado impresso em HTML
ipcalc 192.168.1.0/24 --h > subrede.html | xdg-open subrede.html
